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Agriculture
Cultivated Crops
The area
under cultivation accounts for 37% of the
total geographic area. Agriculture provides
sustenance to 52% of the working population.
Productivity of agriculture is influenced by
numerous factors such as soil, climate,
irrigation, marketing and credit facilities
and agricultural practices and techniques.
The soils of the District are of poor
productivity and are mainly black loamy soil
(locally known as (Karisal). Cotton,
pulses, oilseeds and millets, which do not
require much irrigation, are the main crops
grown. Paddy and sugarcane are grown where
tank or well irrigation is available.
The
crops cultivated are:
Black gram
–
raised in both irrigated and
rain fed conditions. In rain fed conditions
the sowing commences in September and
extends up to the middle of October as pure
crop and inter crop. In irrigated conditions
sowing commences in February.
Green gram
-
In rain fed conditions the
sowing commences in September and extends up
to the middle of October as pure crop and
inter crop. In irrigated conditions sowing
commences in February.
Cowpea
–
The crop is raised in rain
fed and irrigated conditions as pure crop
and inter crop. In rain fed conditions the
owing takes place in June/July and
September/October. In irrigated conditions
sowing takes place in February/March.
Lablab
–
Is
mainly cultivated as a rain fed crop during
the months of June/July.
Cholam
-
In rain fed conditions the
sowing commences in August/September. In
irrigated conditions sowing commences in
February/March.
Cumbu
-
In rain fed conditions it is
sown from September to November. In
irrigated conditions sowing commences in
February/March.
Ragi
-
The crop is mainly cultivated
under rain fed conditions Sowing commences
in the month of September and extends to the
middle of October.
Small Millets
–
Thinai, Varagu, Samai and
Kuthraivali are cultivated under rain fed
conditions alone. Thinai, Samai and
Kuthiraivali are sown in the months of
September and extends to October. Varagu is
sown in the month of July.
Maize
-
The crop is mainly cultivated under rain
fed conditions Sowing commences in the month
of September and extends to the middle of
October.
Sunflower
–
The crop is cultivated only
under rain fed conditions in the month of
November.
Groundnut
–
It is raised both under rain
fed and irrigated conditions. Under rain fed
conditions sowing is taken up in the months
of July/August and September/October. Under
irrigated conditions the sowing is taken up
in the months of April/May.
Gingelly
-
It is raised both under rain
fed and irrigated conditions. Under rain fed
conditions sowing is taken up in the months
of June/July and again February/March. Under
irrigated conditions the sowing is taken up
in the months of February/March.
Cotton
–
is the major commercial crop
cultivated over an area of 0.49 lakh
hectares. The District is a major
cotton-producing centre for the State. In
rain fed conditions the sowing commences in
September/October. In irrigated conditions
sowing commences in February/March.
Chilli
-
is raised under both rain fed
and irrigated conditions. Sowing commences
in September and continues till November.
Over 4500 hectares are under chilli
cultivation
Paddy
–
is cultivated both under rain fed and irrigated
conditions. Rain fed sowing commences during
August and extend to September. Under tank
fed conditions the crop is sown in the month
of September and extends to October.
Sugarcane
–
is cultivated under irrigated conditions only. The
planting is done in 4 seasons the main one
being the month of June/July. Planting is
also taken up in the months of
December/January; February/March; and
April/May.
The District has a State Seed Farm
at Devadanam. This farm produces and
distributes quality seeds of paddy, millets,
pulses, oilseeds and vegetables. The farm
also serves as a model farm on farm
maintenance and scientific methods of
cultivation.
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